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The Symbolic
The Symbolic (or Symbolic Order) is a part of the psychoanalytic theory of Jacques Lacan, part of his attempt "to distinguish between those elementary registers whose grounding I later put forward in these terms: the symbolic, the imaginary, and the real — a distinction never previously made in psychoanalysis".〔Jacques Lacan, ''Écrits: A Selection'' (London 1997) p. 95〕
==Rise==
Lacan's early work was centred on an exploration of the Imaginary, of those "specific images, which we refer to by the ancient term of ''imago''. ... it set out from their formative function in the subject".〔Lacan, ''Écrits'', p. 11〕 Thereafter "()he notion of the "symbolic came to the forefront in the Rome Report () ... henceforth it is the symbolic, not the imaginary, that is seen to be the determining order of the subject".〔Alan Sheridan,"Translator' Note", Jacques Lacan, ''The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-Analysis'' (London 1994) p. 279〕
Lacan's concept of the symbolic "owes much to a key event in the rise of structuralism ... the publication of Claude Lévi-Strauss's ''Elementary Structures of Kinship'' in 1949. ... In many ways, the symbolic is for Lacan an equivalent to Lévi-Strauss's order of culture":〔David Macey, "Introduction", Lacan, ''Four'', p. xxii and p. xxv〕 a language-mediated order of culture. "Man speaks, then, but it is because the symbol has made him man ... superimposes the kingdom of culture on that of a nature".〔Lacan, ''Écrits'', p. 65–6〕 Accepting then that "language is the basic social institution in the sense that all others presuppose language",〔John R. Searle, ''The Construction of Social Reality'' (London 1995) p. 60〕 Lacan found in Ferdinand de Saussure's linguistic division of the verbal sign between signifier and signified a new key to the Freudian understanding that "his therapeutic method was 'a talking cure'".〔Sigmund Freud and Joseph Breuer, quoted in Macey, ''Four'', p. xxvii〕
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